قرآن و نظریه فقر بخش سوم
ارسال شده توسط Mahdi Movahed-Abtahi در 92/11/13:: 9:58 صبحقرآن و نظریه فقر: مقدمه
قرآن و نظریه فقر: اصول معرفت شناسی و روش شناسی
بخش سوم: آیات مربوط به «فقر» و واژه های مرتبط
1. آیات مرتبط بسیار زیادند و آیات مربوط به نظریه اقتصادی اسلام یا جامعه شناسی اسلامی در جدولهای زیر ارائه نشده اند و ممکن است به مناسبت در طول مقاله آورده شوند.
2. برخی آیات بیش از یک بار آمده اند زیرا دو یا چند واژه کلیدی پژوهش در یک آیه به کار رفته است.
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فقر النور : 32 وَ أَنْکِحُوا الْأَیامى مِنْکُمْ وَ الصَّالِحینَ مِنْ عِبادِکُمْ وَ إِمائِکُمْ إِنْ یَکُونُوا فُقَراءَ یُغْنِهِمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَ اللَّهُ واسِعٌ عَلیمٌ البقرة : 271 إِنْ تُبْدُوا الصَّدَقاتِ فَنِعِمَّا هِیَ وَ إِنْ تُخْفُوها وَ تُؤْتُوهَا الْفُقَراءَ فَهُوَ خَیْرٌ لَکُمْ وَ یُکَفِّرُ عَنْکُمْ مِنْ سَیِّئاتِکُمْ وَ اللَّهُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ خَبیرٌ آلعمران : 181 لَقَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّذینَ قالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَقیرٌ وَ نَحْنُ أَغْنِیاءُ سَنَکْتُبُ ما قالُوا وَ قَتْلَهُمُ الْأَنْبِیاءَ بِغَیْرِ حَقٍّ وَ نَقُولُ ذُوقُوا عَذابَ الْحَری القصص : 24 فَسَقى لَهُما ثُمَّ تَوَلَّى إِلَى الظِّلِّ فَقالَ رَبِّ إِنِّی لِما أَنْزَلْتَ إِلَیَّ مِنْ خَیْرٍ فَقیرٌ النساء : 6 وَ ابْتَلُوا الْیَتامى حَتَّى إِذا بَلَغُوا النِّکاحَ فَإِنْ آنَسْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ رُشْداً فَادْفَعُوا إِلَیْهِمْ أَمْوالَهُمْ وَ لا تَأْکُلُوها إِسْرافاً وَ بِداراً أَنْ یَکْبَرُوا وَ مَنْ کانَ غَنِیًّا فَلْیَسْتَعْفِفْ وَ مَنْ کانَ فَقیراً فَلْیَأْکُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ فَإِذا دَفَعْتُمْ إِلَیْهِمْ أَمْوالَهُمْ فَأَشْهِدُوا عَلَیْهِمْ وَ کَفى بِاللَّهِ حَسیباً النساء : 135 یا أَیُّهَا الَّذینَ آمَنُوا کُونُوا قَوَّامینَ بِالْقِسْطِ شُهَداءَ لِلَّهِ وَ لَوْ عَلى أَنْفُسِکُمْ أَوِ الْوالِدَیْنِ وَ الْأَقْرَبینَ إِنْ یَکُنْ غَنِیًّا أَوْ فَقیراً فَاللَّهُ أَوْلى بِهِما فَلا تَتَّبِعُوا الْهَوى أَنْ تَعْدِلُوا وَ إِنْ تَلْوُوا أَوْ تُعْرِضُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ کانَ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ خَبیراً فاطر : 15 یا أَیُّهَا النَّاسُ أَنْتُمُ الْفُقَراءُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ اللَّهُ هُوَ الْغَنِیُّ الْحَمیدُ القیامة : 25 تَظُنُّ أَنْ یُفْعَلَ بِها فاقِرَةٌ محمد : 38 ها أَنْتُمْ هؤُلاءِ تُدْعَوْنَ لِتُنْفِقُوا فی سَبیلِ اللَّهِ فَمِنْکُمْ مَنْ یَبْخَلُ وَ مَنْ یَبْخَلْ فَإِنَّما یَبْخَلُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَ اللَّهُ الْغَنِیُّ وَ أَنْتُمُ الْفُقَراءُ وَ إِنْ تَتَوَلَّوْا یَسْتَبْدِلْ قَوْماً غَیْرَکُمْ ثُمَّ لا یَکُونُوا أَمْثالَکُمْ |
Part three
The verses containing poverty and related terms
In this session, I used Yusof Ali`s translation although i will reivise them in the full paper.
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‘faqr’ If ye disclose( acts of )charity, even so it is well, but if ye conceal them, and make them reach those( really )in need, that is best for you: It will remove from you some of your( stains of )evil. And Allah is well acquainted with what ye do ( al-Baqarah, 271 ) Allah hath heard the taunt of those who say:" Truly, Allah is indigent and we are rich!" - - We shall certainly record their word and (their act) of slaying the prophets in defiance of right and we shall say:" Taste ye the penalty of the Scorching Fire!"(a`leEmra`n, 181 ) Make trial of orphans until they reach the age of marriage; if then ye find sound judgment in them, release their property to them; but consume it not wastefully, nor in haste against their growing up. If the guardian is well-off, let him claim no remuneration, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just and reasonable. When ye release their property to them, take witnesses in their presence: But all-sufficient is Allah in taking account.(Nisa`, 6 ) Ye who believe! Stand out firmly for justice, as witnesses to Allah, even as against yourselves, or your parents, or your kin, and whether it is (against) rich or poor: for Allah can best protect both. Follow not the lusts( of your hearts ), lest ye swerve, and if ye distort( justice )or decline to do justice, verily Allah is well- acquainted with all that ye do.( Nisa`, 135 ) Marry those among you who are single, or the virtuous ones among yourselves, male or female: if they are in poverty, Allah will give them means out of His grace: for Allah Ample-giving, and He knoweth all things.(Noor, 32 ) So he watered (their flocks) for them; then he turned back to the shade, and said:" O my Lord! Truly am I in (desperate) need of any good that Thou dost send me!"(Qisas, 24 ) Ye men! It is ye that have need of Allah. but Allah is the One Free of all wants, worthy of all praise.(Fa`tir, 15 ) Behold, ye are those invited to spend (of your substance) in the Way of Allah: but among you are some that are niggardly. But any who are niggardly are so at the expense of their own souls. But Allah is free of all wants, and it is ye that are needy. If ye turn back (from the Path), He will substitute in your stead another people; then they would not be like you! (Muhammad, 38 ) In the thought that some back-breaking calamity was about to be inflicted on them;(Qia`mah, 25 )
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